Modern methods of surgical treatment of coloproctological diseases:
- infrared laser coagulation of hemorrhoids and anal fissures
- latex ligation of hemorrhoids
- Longo’s technique (stapled hemorrhoidectomy)
- THD technique (transanal hemorrhoidal dearterialization with an ultrasound scan)
- laparoscopy
Indications for operative proctology:
- Diseases of the rectum, as well as the anal canal: hemorrhoids on the late stages, fissures, chronic paraproctitis (fistula), acute paraproctitis, proctitis (inflammation), anal canal polyps.
- Diseases of the anus: coccyx cyst (epithelial coccygeal passage).
Methods of operative proctology in ADONIS
Latex ligation of hemorrhoids
With internal hemorrhoids of the II stage, depending on the structure and size of hemorrhoids, infrared laser coagulation or ligation of the nodes with latex rings is advised.
The procedure is carried out on an outpatient basis during 10-15 minutes (ligation of one knot), after that the patient rests for one day at home and within 4-7 days the ligated knot is rejected. After one week, the manipulation is repeated to remove all other internal hemorrhoids.
Longo’s technique
For internal hemorrhoids of the III stage with prolapse of hemorrhoids, ligation with latex rings or Longo’s technique (stapled hemorrhoidectomy) or transanal hemorrhoidal dearterialization (THD) with an ultrasound scan are indicated.
Advantages of the Longo’s method:
- the procedure lasts 15-20 minutes
- the patient returns to regular life and recovers working capacity within 3-7 days
- elimination of almost all symptoms of hemorrhoids
- short postoperative period
Transanal hemorrhoidal dearterialization
Dearterialization is a surgical procedure, where the arteries that feed the hemorrhoids are ligated. After ligation of five or six vessels, blood flow stops, the nodes immediately subside and scar over time.
The operation can be performed both at the initial stage and at advanced stages of the disease. Among contraindications to the procedure – sudden complications (e.g., thrombosis).
Advantages of transanal dearterialization:
- blood flow to the rectum is not interrupted – only hemorrhoidal vessels are ligated
- a decrease in the possibility of disease relapse (due to a reduction of the tissue area where the development of hemorrhoids could resume)
- the method is gentle and non-traumatic
- does not require general anesthesia and has a short rehabilitation period
Laparoscopic colectomy
Laparoscopic colectomy is the removal of the segmented intestine and rectum using a laparoscope and surgical instruments.
Indications for laparoscopic colectomy:
- colon cancer
- ulcerative colitis
- Crohn’s disease and other pathologies
Advantages of laparoscopic colectomy:
- high accuracy of visual diagnostics due to optical magnification and mobility of manipulator tools
- minimization of complications associated with wound infection and adhesions due to the absence of an incision in the abdominal wall, contact of internal organs with atmospheric air, bandaging materials, gloves
- minimal blood loss during surgery
- almost no pain after surgery due to minimal trauma to the abdominal wall and contact of internal organs with instruments
- short duration of hospitalization of proctological patients – 5-10 days
- quick recovery and return to regular life almost immediately after discharge from the hospital
- great opportunities for performing organ-preserving operations
- cosmetic effect due to the absence of scars on the skin after the surgery